When international tariffs rise, global markets often experience increased volatility, supply chain disruptions, and inflationary pressures. These conditions can significantly impact investment portfolios that aren't properly positioned. By understanding which asset classes typically perform well during trade tensions, investors can better protect their wealth while potentially capitalizing on emerging opportunities.
Rising international tariffs create a cascade of economic effects that ripple through global markets. When countries impose import taxes on goods, companies face higher costs, which they either absorb (reducing profits) or pass on to consumers (causing inflation). This economic disruption typically leads to market volatility, sectoral shifts, and changes in consumer behavior.
The resulting uncertainty often drives investors toward assets that have historically demonstrated resilience during similar periods. These "safe haven" investments tend to maintain value or even appreciate when traditional growth-oriented assets struggle under trade war conditions.
Looking at previous periods of trade tensions, such as the 2018-2019 U.S.-China trade dispute, certain patterns emerged. Domestically-focused companies outperformed those with significant international exposure. Assets considered inflation hedges gained value as import prices rose. And investments with stable income streams became more attractive as growth prospects dimmed elsewhere.
Gold has served as a store of value for thousands of years, and this ancient asset continues to shine during periods of economic uncertainty and currency fluctuations—both common during trade wars.
When tariffs rise, several factors typically boost gold's appeal:
Investment Type | Examples | Advantages | Considerations |
---|---|---|---|
Gold ETFs | SPDR Gold Shares (GLD), iShares Gold Trust (IAU) | Liquidity, ease of trading, no storage concerns | Annual expense ratios, no physical possession |
Physical Gold | Coins, bars, bullion | Direct ownership, no counterparty risk | Storage costs, insurance, potential premium over spot price |
Gold Mining Stocks | Newmont (NEM), Barrick Gold (GOLD) | Operational leverage to gold prices, dividend potential | Company-specific risks, higher volatility than physical gold |
Precious Metals Funds | Sprott Physical Gold and Silver Trust (CEF) | Professional management, diversification across metals | Management fees, potential tracking error |
During recent trade tensions, gold has demonstrated its safe-haven status. For example, during the 2018-2019 U.S.-China trade war, gold prices increased approximately 18% as investors sought stability amid market volatility.
Defensive stocks represent companies that provide goods and services with relatively stable demand regardless of economic conditions. These businesses typically maintain consistent revenue streams even when tariffs disrupt other sectors of the economy.
Several sectors stand out for their resilience during trade tensions:
Utility companies provide essential services like electricity, water, and natural gas. Their regulated monopoly status and primarily domestic customer base make them less vulnerable to international trade disruptions. During periods of market volatility, investors often flock to utilities for their stable dividend payments and predictable cash flows.
Key investments: Utilities Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLU), NextEra Energy (NEE), Duke Energy (DUK)
Healthcare companies benefit from relatively inelastic demand for their products and services. People need medical care regardless of economic conditions, making this sector historically resilient during market downturns. Many healthcare companies also have strong domestic revenue sources, minimizing their exposure to international tariffs.
Key investments: UnitedHealth Group (UNH), AbbVie (ABBV), Humana (HUM), Johnson & Johnson (JNJ)
Companies producing essential household goods, food, beverages, and personal care items tend to maintain stable sales even during economic uncertainty. While some consumer staples companies have global supply chains that could be affected by tariffs, their pricing power often allows them to pass costs on to consumers without significantly impacting demand.
Key investments: Procter & Gamble (PG), Coca-Cola (KO), Walmart (WMT), Keurig Dr Pepper (KDP)
This video provides an urgent update on investment strategies during periods of tariff enforcement, discussing key sectors that may outperform and explaining how to adjust your portfolio accordingly.
When market volatility increases due to trade tensions, bonds often serve as a stabilizing force in diversified portfolios. These debt instruments provide predictable income streams and typically experience lower price volatility than stocks.
Not all bonds offer equal protection during trade wars. The following categories tend to perform best:
Sovereign debt from stable governments, particularly U.S. Treasury securities, often serves as the ultimate safe haven during market turbulence. When investors flee riskier assets during trade tensions, government bonds typically see increased demand, pushing their prices up and yields down. This "flight to quality" effect can provide capital appreciation alongside regular interest payments.
Key investments: U.S. Treasury bonds, Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF (BND), iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT)
Since tariffs often lead to higher consumer prices, inflation-protected securities can provide valuable portfolio protection. These bonds adjust their principal value based on changes in inflation measures, helping investors maintain purchasing power even if tariffs drive prices higher.
Key investments: Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS), iShares TIPS Bond ETF (TIP), Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF (SCHP)
Investment-grade corporate bonds from financially strong companies with minimal international exposure can provide higher yields than government securities while maintaining relatively low risk. Focus on companies in defensive sectors with strong domestic revenue streams.
Key investments: Vanguard Short-Term Corporate Bond ETF (VCSH), iShares iBoxx $ Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF (LQD)
This mindmap illustrates how to strategically allocate assets during periods of rising international tariffs, highlighting key considerations for each major asset class:
This mindmap provides a structured approach to building a diversified portfolio that can withstand the economic challenges posed by rising international tariffs. By strategically balancing these asset classes according to your risk tolerance and investment horizon, you can create a more resilient investment strategy.
Building a tariff-resistant portfolio requires thoughtful implementation. Consider these practical approaches:
While the three asset classes discussed provide relative safety during trade tensions, proper diversification remains essential. Allocate investments across multiple asset classes based on your risk tolerance and time horizon. Within each asset class, spread investments across multiple securities to reduce company-specific or concentration risk.
Trade tensions often create market volatility, which can present buying opportunities. Rather than attempting to time the market perfectly, consider a dollar-cost averaging approach—investing fixed amounts at regular intervals. This disciplined strategy helps avoid emotional decisions and can reduce the impact of short-term price fluctuations.
As trade tensions evolve and asset classes perform differently, your portfolio's allocation may drift from its target. Implement a regular rebalancing schedule (quarterly or semi-annually) to maintain your desired risk profile and potentially capture gains from outperforming assets.
This chart illustrates the economic impact of additional tariffs on various economies, highlighting why protective investment strategies become essential during trade tensions.